Category Archives: Human Rights, Migrant Death

Talking about the project itself

Day 2: Our First Recovery

Beyond Borders 2025 team from left to right: Frankey Leggio, Makenna Mizell, Dr. Krista Latham, Lilly Bucher, Dr. Amandine Eriksen, and Chastidy Gilbert
Beyond Borders 2025 team from left to right: Frankey Leggio, Makenna Mizell, Dr. Krista Latham, Lilly Bucher, Dr. Amandine Eriksen, and Chastidy Gilbert

It was a foggy morning. When we were walking to breakfast at 7 AM, it was still dark. You could barely see the other side of the hotel and as we walked I hoped that the ominous weather now was not a reflection of the rest of the day. As we drove down the highway towards La Copa Ranch to meet Ray and Don, the van was silent while we all woke up and adjusted to the dim morning. Part sleepiness part preparation for the day ahead, the music playing softly and the sound of the air conditioning filled the silence.

Day 2 of our mission would start about an hour and a half from La Copa, the ranch where Don and Ray are staying, and where we split between two trucks. The journey was less highway and more small caliche (sediment that hardens when dry and is semi-moldable when wet) roads that have been worn and traveled. It was a bumpy ride to our destination, as it was the day before and likely will be tomorrow. Because I rode with Don yesterday, I rode with Ray today and on our way, more stories and insight were shared. We had been on the road for an hour when we veered into the brush on what first did not look like a road. A short while later, a renewed carved two track path behind us, we reached our starting point.

The fog was still in full force when we stepped out of the trucks, with dew drops making the many spiderwebs in the brush stand out. Don began to explain that we were here because of a call that had been made about an individual who had went missing two years prior. There was also the possibility that another individual went missing in this area. They were supposedly at or around the coordinates Don was given (which led to a mot that was searched and cleared previously), and our goal was to fan out and search beyond the coodinates to potentially locate this individual.

Dr. Latham picking up a sweatshirt found in a mot
Dr. Latham picking up a sweatshirt found in a mot

We began with line searches of the clearing we parked in and headed due North, sometimes scattering around and peaking into mots. In the beginning, we were not seeing any evidence of human activity, which could include trash or clothes, and it seemed that the day would have a similar result to Day 1. There were quail hunters on the property and every now and then, we would hear voices and gunshots. While we didn’t know a lot about quail hunting (the guns are short range) at the time, this was enough to make us nervous. As we neared the end of the search area, Don suggested we reach the tree line, peak in, and then turn around to line search the opposite side of the clearing on our way back to the trucks. By that time, the sun was starting to peak through and our pants were starting to dry from hiking through wet brush. Don had ventured a little further into the tree line, just where we couldn’t see him, and suddenly our walkies beeped and his voice rang out “ya’ll want to come look at this”. We headed in his direction, and after a few minutes of walking, there were Don and Ray smiling at us, knowing that we would soon be able to jump into the roles we traveled here to do and give this person’s family some long awaited answers.

Team members searching the brush
Team members searching the brush

Our goal for Day 2 was realized, as our search resulted in a recovery. We cannot say for certain whether or not the recovery that was made was related to the call that Don had received, but based on the area and the time line of the related material artifacts found, he will be able to give as much detail as possible in his report to help with potential identification. We searched the surrounding area as thoroughly as possible.

Looking into a mott
Looking into a mott

By the peak of our process, the sun was out and bright, so staying hydrated was at the forefront of our minds. We had a 15 minute timer to remind us to drink water and take a break, and during this break, the consequences of hydration showed itself. While a couple of the team were taking care of their business, there was suddenly a noise from their direction. The rest of the team, sans Don who was searching the perimeter and Ray who had gone to get the truck, perked up as a high pitched howl rung through the air. One cry was joined by another, and then another and suddenly it seemed like they were coming from everywhere. The separated team members came running back towards the recovery site and it seemed like the howling only got louder. Was it getting closer? Where was Don? Where was Socks? Out of the thicket came Socks, who we were all yelling for, while Don went into the thicket to see what was going on. It turned out to be a pack of coyotes who had been startled and because Socks went to investigate, began to howl and cry in warning. The high pitch screams were so startling and so unlike anything we had experienced that for a good 10 minutes, we just stood at the site and waited for Don to come out of the brush.

A toast to a successful day
A toast to a successful day

We finished our part in the recovery soon after Don had given us the all clear, and from there we made our way back to the trucks. Ray had returned to his truck to drive closer to us, as the walk back was a significant hike. Once we were back at our starting point, snacks and Mexican Cokes were shared and we toasted to a successful day.

We did not see the coyotes despite their close range, and the situation turned out the best it could have, but it makes one think about how the individuals who are making the journey North would have handled the same situation, not only at night, but with no protection or point of reference. We were also lucky enough to not have to walk back to our starting point, and especially after our first recovery, it emphasized how lucky we are to be in this position and how important the work that we assist with is. The terrain is so different at each ranch, but all of it is incredibly difficult to traverse. It is difficult in full body gear with access to water, snacks, and eyes on your back, so I could not even fathom the hardships and trauma that the migrants who walk these paths undergo.

Makenna Mizell and Lilly Bucher in the back of Ray's truck
Makenna Mizell and Lilly Bucher in the back of Ray’s truck

Today was a success. The foggy weather in the morning did not define our day, and this is something that I will keep with me. Our days are subject to change and how it starts is not always how it will end. We might not have been able to give a positive ID at the moment, but we found somone who likely has family and friends that have been searching for them and a lot of things were learned. Each day will present successes whether or not a recovery is made and going into Day 3, remembering this will be especially important.

Lilly

Team members search a field

Day 1: First day in the field

I woke up this morning to the lights turning on in the hotel room instead of my alarm. Somehow, I think we all slept a little later than we expected, but after rotating around each other trying to brush our teeth and get into the bathroom, in no time we were all dressed and on time getting out of the door.

Jan 2025 Beyond Borders Team Members: Latham, Eriksen, Frankey, Lilly, Makenna & Chastidy
Beyond Borders 2025 Team From left to right: Dr Latham, Dr Eriksen, Frankey, Lilly, Makenna, Chastidy

After breakfast at the hotel, we made one last quick stop to the room to get our field bags, and water for the day, we realized just how well the fridge in our room worked as our water packs were just about frozen solid! With our semi-frozen water bladders out of the fridge, we had time to check the weather before hopping into the truck (74°F and a bit cloudy all day). Loading up for the drive, we split into two four wheel drive vehicles, and we were off to our first location.

At the gas station pumping gas in the truck
Don filling up the gas tank

I was in the truck with Deputy Don White and other team members were with Paramedic Ray Gregory. On our drive, Don told us stories of his previous experiences in South Texas and told us about the history of some of the ranches in the area, and the history of game hunting in South Texas. Don then made a comment about how he should have topped off his fuel tank… Time to stop for gas!

After arriving at our destination on one of the ranches in south Texas, we got ready to begin searching the area. We were looking for someone who was reported to have been left in an area of the ranch with two ponds, a windmill and under a tree in a field. We were searching in areas of the property based on that information of his last known whereabouts, but because the information was vague, we searched in different areas on the property where Don thought it might be best to look.

Collection of empty bottles and food cans under the trees
Collection of empty bottles and food cans under the trees

We conducted line searches in the long stretches of fields, and searched within tree lines and through thick foliage. In multiple areas we searched, there was a remnant mix of old and new items left, indicating a previous pathway. Don then noticed an active amount of vultures flying and landing overhead so we shifted our search towards them. While searching, we also found multiple sites indicating that people had been there recently. Many of these sites were in areas under the shade of trees and surrounded by thick brush and cacti, hiding them away. We found empty bottles and food cans that were not rusted, as well as a pair of abandoned boots and some other articles of clothing. But we did not find the missing person.

A shoe found under a tree in the field
A shoe found under a tree in the field

We encountered various wildlife including spiders and other insects as well as some javelina crossing our path from the truck. After lunch, Ray made sure all of us were still staying hydrated and were ready to continue our search. We got back in the trucks and moved to another area of the ranch to search. We conducted more line searches through the field. But again we did not find him. Don narrowed the search area to an eight mile stretch on this ranch, a large area impossible to search in one day. Uncertain coordinates and vague descriptions are not uncommon, and it shows some of the challenges faced in finding missing people in the Texas Borderlands. But we left knowing we had at least cleared the areas we searched today.

Late afternoon we started our drive back towards town. As I stared out the car window on our way back (with socks laying in my lap) I couldn’t stop thinking about how much walking and searching we had done, and how we searched such a small area compared to the vast amount of land just this one ranch had. Most of the landscape to the novice eye looks exactly the same. I know without the help from everyone on the Beyond Borders team, I would have gotten turned around in minutes. I could not imagine how overwhelming it would be to try to navigate out here alone, while being tired, hungry and thirsty. It’s only the first day, and we can’t wait to get back out tomorrow to continue our search.

Socks barking at cows we encountered
Socks barking at cows we encountered

On the drive back, we took a different route, and went through the checkpoint. We stoped for an amazing dinner at the Taqueria Jalisco, and we ended the night with a debriefing meeting where we discussed our progress from the day and assigned new daily roles for tomorrow.

Today, we successfully cleared two separate areas on the ranch as the start of our search. As a team, we feel good about our first day and are ready for whatever comes our way tomorrow!

Frankey

The Butterfly Effect

“It has been said that something as small as the flutter of a butterfly’s wing can ultimately cause a typhoon halfway around the world”. The quote appears on the screen at the opening of the movie The Butterfly Effect. The premise of the movie is that everything that happens in this moment is an accumulation of everything that’s happened before it. This idea is not new and is rooted in Chaos Theory, a mathematical theory which states that small differences in initial conditions can yield widely diverging outcomes. It shows that what was once thought to be the randomness of a complex system is actually a system of interconnections, patterns and feedback loops.  Chaos Theory suggests that all of our actions, no matter how seemingly small, have consequences.

The south Texas brush
The South Texas brush

As someone who overthinks everything, Chaos Theory is quite a mental burden. Replaying every word I said to a jury wondering if I inadvertently biased them, hoping the foundations I have laid for my children send them in a trajectory that keeps them happy and safe, and always second guessing whether I’ve done enough to support my students or if my form of support is not the best approach.  You must be thinking that sounds incredibly egotistical and self-centered within the context of a prolonged mass disaster where people are dying daily.  That the last ten years I have emphasized this is not about me/us but about the conditions at the border, and that is true. What we’ve also seen over the last ten years is no real change in policies at the border that stop or slow the number of deaths. People are still dying in large numbers. The location may shift over time, but the situation is still dire.

South Texas vegetation
An example of the vegetation in South Texas

Our forensic work within the massive scale of need at the border is small. We make a big difference to the individuals and families we directly contact, but after over a decade of work we are not seeing a tsunami of change. Instead, we are always left with questions – Did we do enough? What if we just searched more in that direction? What if we stayed out just one more hour? What if we stayed just one more day? But I do see the tsunami building within the hearts and minds of our young people. There’s over thirty faculty and students from the University of Indianapolis alone that have traveled with the Beyond Borders Team to participate in this work. We also work with numerous other universities and students in the Texas Borderlands. They are experiencing this crisis with a lens and perspective that my generation just does not have. I am able to quiet the questions and the overthinking knowing this experience sets them a trajectory quite different then had they not experienced this.

Remote wildlands
A previous search and recovery operation showing the environemnt in South Texas

This trip will be different. We will be working solely with Remote Wildlands Search and Recovery on large scale search and recovery efforts in clandestine ranchlands. I am excited to see Deputy Don White, Paramedic Ray Gregory, and any other members that may be able to join us. They are wonderful humans that do great work! We lost Eddie Canales, the Director of the South Texas Human Rights Center and my friend to cancer a few months ago. I still expect to see his smile, hear his laugh, listen to all his new stories and get scolded for not improving my Spanish since the last trip. Eddie also contributed to that tsunami, and I know we will make him proud this trip. The South Texas Human Rights Center continues, and you can make a donation is his memory here.

Eddie (male) speaking with the UIndy team about water stations and supplies.
Eddie speaking with the UIndy team (Jan 2024) about the water station route and supplies.

~KEL