All posts by maiersj

Patrolling the Border

Pictured above is the Falfurrias Border Patrol Checkpoint.  The highway it blockades, US 281, spans from Mexico to the Canada border.  It is one of the many ways the U.S. Border Patrol polices our borders.

Falfurrias checkpoint sign stating year-to-date seizures of 15,593 drug seizures and 10,162 migrant seizuresI learned a lot about the different methods agents use on this trip.  Please allow me to give you a brief tour of a few of them.

The border wall with a hazard sign outfront stating "Watch for oncoming traffic"Perhaps the most obvious is the fence at the border.  It lies on the U.S. side of the Rio Grande.  It is a stretch of steel and steep cliffs.  It is also lined with many remote sensing devices.  We were in this location for only a matter of moments before Border Patrol arrived to greet us.

Upclose image of the metal panels of the border wallThe fence does not span, the entire length of the border, but where it does it is quite intimidating.  There are stories about migrants trying to sneak past, only to be killed by the slow crushing force of the mechanical gates.

Warning signs in English and Spanish stating "Warning Gate can cause serious injury or death"Another new addition to the arsenal of the Border Patrol is the aerostat.  The aerostat is a tethered dirigible that is outfitted with cutting edge technology.

An aerostate surveying in the Texas sky over the brushThat tiny blimp in the background is the aerostat.  Each one costs roughly $2.5 millions dollars.  It has the capabilities of surveying over 20 miles.  It is also equipped with thermal and night-vision.  It can remotely survey vast areas of desert that would otherwise be nearly impossible.

A zoomed-in image of the aerostat in the Texas skyEven with my largest zoom lens,  the aerostat is barely visible in the distance.

High-wire power lines extending as far as the eye can see in a small opening in the brushThe tract of land above is colloquially known as “The High-Wire”.  The high-wire is a swath of power lines that runs due north, making it a perfect landmark for migrants to follow (especially in an otherwise landmark-less terrain).  It is also peppered with remote sensing devices.  This makes it a powerful tracking device for Border Patrol, and a dangerous pathway for any migrants.

A paved road bordered by a dirt maintenance roadIn addition to all of the high-tech patrolling methods, border patrol also uses several low-tech methods.  Most of the ranches in South Texas are surrounded by dirt maintenance roads.  The maintenance roads on the inside of the fence are mainly used by the ranchers.  The maintenance roads on the outside of the fence are heavily utilized by the Border Patrol.

Three discarded tires viewed through trees on the dirt roadTires like these are dragged with chains behind vehicle to grate the road.  After the road is grated, Border Patrol can track footprints across the dirt pathways.

These are just a few of the many tools that the U.S. Border Patrol uses to detect individuals crossing the border.

Justin

Bienvenidos!

We had the privilege of working with the volunteers of Catholic Charities at Sacred Heart Church in McAllen, Texas.  McAllen is right across the border from Reynosa, Mexico.  The volunteers at Sacred Heart donate their time and efforts to welcome refugee families that have been released from the Border Patrol Processing Station.  Many of these families were detained for several days, possibly weeks before being released  into the loving arms of the volunteers at Sacred Heart.  Please allow me to take a moment to explain this phenomenal process.

The UIndy family and Sister Pam at Sacred Heart Church wearing teal caution vests
The UIndy family and Sister Pam at Sacred Heart Church

All of the people coming into Sacred Heart are families.  Like I said earlier, these fathers, mothers and children have all spent a number of days in the Border Patrol Processing Station before being released in order to continue their journey into the United States to reunite with the rest of their families.  They are exhausted and disheartened from their detention, and it is the goal of the fine men and women of Sacred Heart to change that.

The first thing the volunteers do is line up for the arrival of these families.  When they arrived we all applauded and cheered to make them feel welcome.  We wished them “bienvenidos a todos” (or “welcome y’all” to my gringo friends) to let them know they are now safely home.  At first the families seemed shocked and surprised.  Slowly they seemed to realize that we were there to greet them and the smiles and tears of joy began to flow.  It was amazing to see these families finally get the welcome that they deserved.

After the families were checked in, they were given personal hygiene products (deodorant, toothbrushes, etc.).  If they had small children they were also given supplies such as bottles, formula, and diapers.  Next we brought the families over to a group of tables and gave them a hot meal.  While they were eating, we asked them what size clothing they wore.  Instead of eating, many of the small children chose to play with the massive amount of donated toys.  This seemed to transform them back into the playful, lighthearted children that they should have always been.  They continued to eat while we “shopped” through the donated clothes in the church.

The room looked more like a clothing warehouse than a church.  There was clothing everywhere, and it was all separated by size and into boys and girls clothes.  The young gentleman volunteer that I was paired with and I were tasked with finding an outfit for a mother of two.  Finding women’s clothes clearly made this young teenage boy uncomfortable, which the rest of the volunteers clearly enjoyed.  When it came time to picking out the undergarments he turned as red as a tomato.  Luckily, a young lady who was volunteering was kind enough to save him the embarrassment, and she picked those out for us.

When the families were done eating, they were taken to the shower.  As a man who is used to digging in the dirt all day, I know the power that a good shower can have.  It is invigorating and it makes you feel like a real person again.  After the shower, the families are allowed to stay at Sacred Heart until their bus rides out of McAllen.  This can range from a couple of hours to any number of days.  The volunteers provide these families with a safe and inviting place to stay until they make that journey.

They work they do at Sacred Heart is amazing.  It is heartwarming to see such care and affection for complete strangers.  There seem to be a lot of tangled threads of fate with the work UIndy does here in Texas.  Maybe it was a coincidence that both this church and the cemetery in Falfurrias are named “Sacred Heart”, but it is hard to shake the feeling that there is something more behind it.  We also had the remarkable luck to arrive on the one year anniversary of this program.  I would like to personally thank them for all of the incredible work that they do and I wish them all of the best for many years to come.

With cake with red icing saying "Happy  Birthday Sacred Heart Center" with a 1 candle

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Justin

Training Day

Today was our first full day in Falfurrias.   Our first task was to give a lecture on forensic archeology to members from the Brooks County sheriff’s department, the local constables, and the justices of the peace.  Our goal was to help inform the local authorities what exactly a forensic anthropologist does, what tools and methods we use, and how we can best help them do their work.

Dr. Latham kicked off the show.  She explained what exactly a forensic archeologist does, which is use classic archeological techniques and apply them to a forensic scene (seems kind of obvious when I phrase it redundantly, right?).  We work slowly and systematically in order to document the context of a scene and we use small tools so that no remains are damaged in the process.  By the end we have systematically removed every piece of evidence from a scene, leaving it looking like a blank canvas.  She continued by explaining that this is how WE approach a crime scene.  We usually have the benefit of taking all day to process a scene, whereas the officers we worked with today rarely even have an hour.  The work that we normally do on a forensic case just isn’t feasible for these authorities given their time and resources… So how do we remedy that?

The answer isn’t simple, but part of the answer is to simplify.  Our work is reliant on attention to detail and proper documentation.  We suggested a number of ways that the officers might streamline their efforts while maintaining as much context and collecting as much evidence as possible.  One suggestion was to photograph every piece of evidence using a scale and a north arrow.  Another suggestion was to take a GPS coordinate of the remains every time.  While most of these suggestions might seem very small, they are incredibly important and a powerful way to document the original context of a scene.  Perhaps most importantly she finished by asking them what works best for them, what problems they face, and what we can do to help.  This dialog was an integral part of this course because the local authorities know far more about the challenges they will face on a daily basis and what it will take to overcome them.

Local authorities standing over the bone quiz, multiple bones laid out with numbers above them.
Local authorities mulling over the bone quiz.

We all did part of the lecture today.  I discussed how to identify human bone and lead the bone quiz.  Ryan and Amanda discussed proper mapping techniques.  Hailey Duecker from the South Texas Human Rights Center also gave an amazing presentation on the best practices that the officers should follow in the field.  Every person did wonderful at doing their part, but that’s the kicker… in the end every one of us plays a part.  Everything we do here in Texas is collaborative and we all rely on each other.  It is the cooperation that is truly astounding.

Justin and Amanda sitting in the judge and witness stand acting out the part!
You’re out of order!
(me judging Amanda after our lecture)

Justin