Category Archives: Human Rights, Migrant Death

Talking about the project itself

Through the Looking Glass

“Now, here, you see, it takes all the running you can do, to keep in the same place. If you want to get somewhere else, you must run at least twice as fast as that!” — The Red Queen (in Lewis Carroll’s Through the Looking Glass)

As I reflect upon our recent trip to Texas, I can’t help but think about all the work that was done while we were there.  In Falfurrias we worked with various community members to discuss ways that the recoveries of deceased migrants from outdoor death scenes can be done according to best practices within the context of  the limited time and resources of Brooks County.  We spoke with close to 50 people from various organizations that expressed a sincere desire to perform the recoveries using forensic archeology as a way to collect the maximum amount of information towards identification of the deceased.  They expressed frustration over the fact that they need resources towards these recovery efforts.

TrainingWe worked with community members to built, repair and fill the life saving water stations that pepper the landscape of Brooks County.  Not only did this include Eddie, Sister Pam and Hailey of the South Texas Human Rights Center.  But also volunteers from Falfurrias, other parts of Texas, California and Ohio.  People come from near and far to volunteer their time towards these life saving tasks.

H2OThe first week we also spent time with the volunteers at Sacred Heart Church, who dedicate time every day to caring for the refugees who are traveling to meet other family members. Then we traveled to Texas State University to volunteer with others from across the country to work towards identification of the migrants buried at the Sacred Heart Cemetery.

Beyond Borders member analyzing an element with gloves on Each day we were introduced to more and more people who are volunteering their time to assist in this crisis.  They are working to prevent deaths, to identify the deceased and to aid the living.  Each person doing their own small part, their own “small” part, to assist in this crisis.   But the more we do this work the more I see there is no “small” part.  The volunteers are giving days, weeks, months and years of themselves to this.  But the deaths continue, the bodies are still mostly unidentified and the living still suffer.  I see us all running as fast as we can to work towards our common goals and I see us running faster and faster just to stay in the same place just like the Red Queen tells us in “Through the Looking Glass”.

A road going down through the Texas Brush with blue skies and greeneryIt’s easy to get frustrated. It’s easy to see all that still needs to be done. But a wise man reminded us during this trip to not forget about the progress. Deputy Chief Martinez reminded us that huge strides have been made in Brooks County and continue to be made each day.  When the road seems long and unending we must step back and look at the big picture.  We’re not staying in the same place but slowly moving together.  All of our “small” contributions are slowly moving towards progress.

~KEL

Reflections

Our trip to Texas is over and we’re all back home in Indiana now. It feels weird being back. In South Texas everyone is constantly dealing with the effects of border crossers and border crosser deaths. Its part of their everyday lives, but in Indiana this isn’t a problem that we have to deal with. I feel a little disconnected being back here because I’m still constantly thinking about Texas.

This trip has surpassed all of my expectations. I don’t think I really knew what I was getting myself into when I went on this trip. This trip was emotionally challenging, mentally exhausting, and sometimes even physically exhausting, but the most challenging part of this trip was meeting the border crossers themselves. Visiting the residential center was the most difficult thing I had to do on this trip. Seeing all those exhausted faces, knowing that these families had been in that place for months, and not really being able to do much to help them other than talk to them was hard. My experiences meeting these migrants is something I will never forget.

This trip has also allowed me to see this crisis from multiple points of view. I was able to see how this crisis affected Brooks County citizens, how it affected the ranchers, the migrants, border control, the sheriff’s department, and other investigators. I feel like I’ve gained some perspective, but I know that I don’t have the complete picture yet.

I just want to say that I am so proud our team. We accomplished so much in the short amount of time that we had. At Texas State University, we worked diligently and efficiently and were able to meet our quota of skeletal analyses that needed to be finished. For our week in Falfurrias, we provided each other with emotional support, especially for those visits that involved working with migrant families. We shared our thoughts and feelings about what we experienced at the end of each day. We have grown closer as a team and I have learned so much from my teammates.

Fun group photo of members smiling and making fun faces

One of the things I treasure most about this trip is all the new friends that I’ve made. Hailey, Eddie, Sister Pam, and all the other volunteers at the South Texas Human Rights Center (STHRC) are truly amazing people. They are so passionate and dedicated to their cause. I cannot believe how hard they work. I am also glad I got a chance to work with Dr. Kate Spradley and her students at Texas State University. They are a hard working bunch and have so much enthusiasm for what they do.

Group photo of the team having dinner with members from the South Texas Human Rights CenterDinner with the STHRC team

Group photo of Beyond Borders members and Texas State members Hanging out with our new Texas State friends

The the things that I have learned,  the people I’ve met, and the experiences that I have had on this trip are things that are going to stay with me. I am so thankful that I had the opportunity to go South Texas and help out and I hope that I will be able to make this trip again in the future.

-Amanda

Radio Silence

This week in Texas is a little different from the usual field work we do with the migrant identifications.  Normally we would be waist high in dirt and saturated in sweat.  Instead, we have been busy creating biological profiles for the individuals that were excavated by Baylor and UIndy in the two previous field seasons.  While it is not physically backbreaking work, creating biological profiles can be just as exhausting.  It’s hard to stay mentally focused for hours on end.  It is also possibly the most important part of our work because it is essential to the identification process.  We need to pay close attention to everything we do to make sure that these individuals are properly identified in order to be returned to their families.

Team member Justin filling out a dental analysis form The only problem in terms of blogging about this type of lab work is that it isn’t glamorous.    First, much of our lab work contains sensitive information.  It is graphic and contains personal information, so not only is it inappropriate to post online but may be illegal to share (at least in Indiana, state laws vary).  Secondly, as I said earlier it isn’t glamorous.  It is hard to photograph notebooks, calipers, and pencils, then tell people how cool it is to do math and science (for the record, IT IS COOL).

Dr. Krista Latham writing notes on a red clipboardSince I can’t really show you what we’ve been doing the past few days, I thought it might be helpful to explain a little about the process.  The biological profile (or bio profile as we say in the biz) contains a list of descriptions that we create from an individual’s skeleton.  That list includes their age at death, whether they were male or female, their ancestry, and how tall they were.  Imagine this part of the process like a big game of “Guess Who”.  From the onset, there are many possibilities of who this person is.  Little by little, we narrow down that list of people by answering the questions like:  Are they male?  Are they European?  Are they young?  Are they tall?  Eventually we are left with a much shorter list of individuals, but we have not yet been able to identify a particular individual.  Allow me to give you an example.  If I gave you these categories for Ryan’s bio profile, I would say- This is a white male, probably in his 20s and is about 6 feet tall.  While it is helpful in narrowing our search, there are still plenty of people on this planet who fit this description.  We need to be much more specific in order to identify anyone.

Team member Ryan analyzing an element with gloves onThe next step is to look for anything unique that might help us to identify the person.  One method is to create charts and take photographs of teeth and dental work.  Everybody’s teeth are unique, especially if they have had teeth pulled, cavities filled, or personalized dentures made.  Another method we use is to look for broken bones or skeletal diseases that have healed.  Broken bones aren’t necessarily individualizing by themselves, but they help tell the story.  If I use Ryan as my example again (sorry, buddy), I could be much more confident in positively identifying him if I know that he had broken his forearm as a kid, and I could match the information ascertained from the skeleton with his medical records.  Finally, one of the most powerful tools in our arsenal is the use of DNA analysis.  If we can match an individual to a family reference sample, then we can be incredibly confident in our identification.

Team member Ryan performing measurements of skeletal elements on an osteometric boardIn the end, our hope is that all of these individuals are identified and returned to their families.  The creation of a biological profile is an essential part of the identification process.  I applaud the hard-working students and professors at Texas State and the University of Indianapolis for their tireless efforts this week.  It is because of their labors that any identifications will be possible.

Team member Justin standing behind a clear dry-erase board with a mustache and monocle drawn on it
Lab work is serious.

Justin